The Crucible Quotes

â€Å"He believed he was being persecuted wherever he went, despite his best efforts to win people and God to his side† Miller about Parris and how he doesn’t belong to the community but belongs to religion pg13 â€Å"To the European world the whole province was a barbaric frontier inhabited by a sect of fanatics† Belonging to a place – Miller says this about Salem 13 â€Å"Their creed forbade anything resembling a theatre or ‘vain enjoyment’. † Miller says what belonging to a community/group can lead people to feel/do 14 A holiday from work meant only that they must concentrate even more upon prayer† Miller tells us about what THEOCRATIC society required 14 â€Å"This predilection for minding other people’s business was time-honoured among the people of Salem† Miller explains what it meant when people belonged to a community 14 â€Å"The edge of the wilderness was close by†¦and it was full of mystery for them. † Miller states that belonging to such a wild place may be reason for the witch hunts 14 â€Å"†¦the Salem folk believed that the virgin forest was the Devil’s last preserve, his home base and the citadel of his final stand†.This again shows that Miller believes that the location played a role in their beliefs. Highlights also their strong beliefs in religion and how theocracy ruled their society. 15 â€Å"†¦their church found it necessary to deny any other sect its freedom† Miller highlights that you either belonged with their church or didn’t belong at all. 15 â€Å"†¦the people of Salem developed a theocracy, a combine of state and religious power whose function was to keep the community together† Miller informs us, in the introduction, that Salem was theocratic and their intentions in it 16 †¦the people of Salem†¦[wanted] to prevent any kind of disunity that might open it to destruction by material or ideological enemies† This is, as Miller points out, the purpose of their theocratic society, but also gives reasons for what happened when people didn’t belong. 16 â€Å"when one rises above the individual villainy displayed, one can only pity them all, just as we shall be pitied one day† This is a clear link that Miller makes between the witch hunts of Salem and the communist witch hunts in mid century America 16 â€Å"a sense of confusion hangs about him†Stage directions that paint Parris as someone who doesn’t belong, from the very beginning 17 â€Å"trouble in this house usually lands on her back† Stage directions of act one tell us that Tituba, a slave from Barbados, does not belong in this community because she is different. 17 â€Å"Go directly home and speak nothing of unnatural causes† Parris says this to Susanna, highlighting his fear of being accused of not protecting their community, thereby not belonging to the community. 18 â€Å"U ncle, the rumour of witchcraft is all about; I think you best go down and deny it yourself† Abigail pleads with Parris to make amends.This also shows that she has great power, or at least thinks she does. Parris, terrified of not being accepted in his relatively new community decides against it. 18 â€Å"And what shall I say to them? That my daughter and my niece I discovered dancing like heathen in the forest? † Parris highlights his fear of not being accepted but also the fact that his own family are shunning accepted protocol, thereby not belonging. 19 â€Å"But if you trafficked with spirits in the forest I must know it, for surely my enemies will, and they will ruin be with it. † Parris is once again worried about never being accepted. 9 â€Å"There is a faction that is sworn to drive me from my pulpit† Parris is clear that he feels an outsider in his own community. The community he should effectively be head of seeing as it is theocratic and he is a reverend. 19 â€Å"I saw Tituba waving her arms over the fire when I came on you. Why was she doing that? † Parris questions the power Tituba has to change the girls because she isn’t trusted and is an outsider. 19 â€Å"She were swaying like a dumb beast over that fire! † Parris exclaims that not only is Tituba an outsider, she is also now compared to being an animal. 20 She always sings her Barbados songs, and we dance. † Abigail catches on quickly and realises that Tituba can easily be blamed for any indiscretions because she is already considered an outsider. Also shows that Abigail is manipulative and that she is the leader of the peer group of girls. 20 â€Å"I pray you feel the weight of truth upon you, for now my ministry’s at stake, my ministry and perhaps your cousin’s life. † Parris appeals to religion, the only thing he belongs to truly, and then fears not only for his daughter’s life but also him losing face in the community. 20 I have fought here three long years to bend these stiff-necked people to me, and now, just now when some good respect is rising for me in the parish, you compromise my character. † Parris is clear that the only thing that truly concerns him is reputation, name and being in charge. Not even his daughter’s life seems important. 20 â€Å"I would not be her slave†¦I will not black my face for any of them! † The juxtapositioning of colour here highlights that Tituba is an outsider in this community. 20 â€Å"†¦the Devil’s touch is heavier than sick. It’s death, y’know, it’s death drivin’ into them, forked and hoofed. Mrs Putnam prays on people’s fears of the devil 21 â€Å"Thomas, I pray you, leap not to witchcraft. I know that you – you least of all, Thomas, would ever wish so disastrous a charge laid upon me. † Parris, petrified that the Putnams, people with great influence, will ruin h im. 22 â€Å"They will howl me out of Salem for such corruption in my house. † Again, Parris is worried about being an outsider and losing face. 22 â€Å"Thomas Putnam felt that his own name and the honour of his family had been smirched by the village, and he meant to right matters however he could. Miller interjects in the drama and states that even Putnam worried about being an outsider 23 â€Å"So it is not surprising to find that many accusations against people are in the handwriting of Thomas Putnam†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Putnam, as Miller explains, decided to fight out first rather than have any suspicions land on him, against his name. 23 â€Å"Tituba knows how to speak to the dead, Mr Parris. † Mrs Putnam, also along with Abigail, knows to put blame on the one true outsider – Tituba. 23 â€Å"Oh Abigail, what proper payment for my charity! Now I am undone. Parris, not worried solely about his daughter’s life/death but that his reputation is done. 24 â €Å"They will topple me with this! † Again, Parris is worried about being finally cast out of the society/community 24 â€Å"I have no answer for that crowd. † Use of exclusive language â€Å"that† separates Parris from the rest of the community 24 â€Å"Let you strike out against the Devil, and the village will bless you for it! They’re thirsty for your word, Mister! † Putnam, using his influence, pleads with Parris to say something to the community. He is also astute enough to realise he should pray on Parris’ fear of exclusion. 4/25 â€Å"I’ll lead them in a psalm, but let you say nothing of witchcraft yet. I will not discuss it. † Parris as head of the theocratic society. 25 â€Å"Listen, now; if they be questioning us, tell them we danced – I told him as much already. † Abigail is now leading the peer group – calling the shots. 25 â€Å"What’ll we do? The village is out! The whole countryâ€⠄¢s talkin’ witchcraft! They’ll be callin’ us witches, Abby! † Mary Warren shows that she is frightened of the consequences of going outside of the community’s main traditions/culture and that she is trying to go against Abigail, unsuccessfully 25 Abby we’ve got to tell†¦witchery’s a hangin’ error†¦you’ll only be whipped for dancin’† Mary Warren tries to use high modal language to make a stand against the head of the peer group, again highlighting her fear. 26 â€Å"Oh, you’re a great one for lookin’ aren’t you Mary Warren? What a great peeping courage you have! † Conflict between Abigail and Mary Warren – putting her down and trying to cast her out of her peer group. Makes Mary Warren want to please her/win her over again, to stay with them. It’s safer that way. 26 â€Å"BETTY: You drank blood, Abby! You didn’t tell him that! ABIGAIL: Betty, you nev er say that again! You will never – BETTY: †¦you drank a charm to kill Goody Proctor. † The conflict in the peer group 26 â€Å"Now look you. All of you. We danced. And Tituba conjured Ruth Putnam’s dead sisters. And that is all. And mark this. Let either of you breathe a word, or the edge of a word, about the other things, and I will come to you in the black of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. † The main threat that Abigail uses to stay in charge of the peer group and have people fear being an outsider. 26 I can make you wish you had never seen the sun go down! † Again, Abigail threatens to achieve her purpose, and have people fear going against her. 27 â€Å"He need not have been a partisan of any faction in the town†¦he was the kind of man – powerful of body, even-tempered and not easily led†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Miller introduces Proctor as someone who was able to stay outside of the peer gr oup and community and had the strength to remain true to his own convictions. 27 â€Å"Abby, I never give you hope to wait for me. † Proctor softly tells Abigail that their relationship is done and that he hasn’t wanted any more. 8 â€Å"Or did I dream that? It’s she put me out, you cannot pretend it were you. I saw your face when she put me out, and you loved me then and you do now! † Abigail pleads with Proctor showing what is driving her actions. Also highlights that Proctor has gone outside of his marriage. 29 â€Å"I have hardly stepped off my farm this seven-month†. Proctor makes it clear he is physically outside of his community and as a result can also be removed otherwise. 29 â€Å"She is blackening my name in the village! She is telling lies about me! She is a cold, snivelling woman, and you bend to her! Abigail’s tension/conflict with Goody Proctor. Worried about her name and reputation in the community. 30 â€Å"Francis had ori ginally rented the land, and one theory has it that, as he gradually paid for it and raised his social status, there were those who resented his rise. † Miller highlights that land ownership meant a lot for the community at the time 31 â€Å"I am sick of meetings; cannot the man turn his head without he have a meeting? † Proctor is discontent with the community and the way they must belong 33 â€Å"This will set us all to arguin’ again in the society, and we thought to have peace this year. Rebecca, the voice of reason, tries to placate the community; to make them all belong. 33 â€Å"We vote by name in this society, not by acreage. † Proctor, another voice of reason, says this about how they should belong in the community 33 â€Å"I never heard you worried so on this society, Mr Proctor. I do not think I saw you at Sabbath meeting since snow flew. † Putnam accuses Proctor of being an outsider because he doesn’t participate in the religious aspect of their theocratic society. 33 â€Å"There are many others who stay away from church these days because you hardly ever mention God any more. Proctor claims that there is no purpose in church since Parris arrived. He makes it unhappy and all about hell 34 â€Å"I regard that six pound a year as part of my salary. I am paid little enough without I spend six pound on firewood. † Parris is materialistic – doesn’t want to do anything unless it benefits him financially 34 â€Å"I do not fathom it, why am I persecuted here? I cannot offer one proposition but there be howling riot of argument. I have often wondered if the Devil be in it somewhere; I cannot understand you people otherwise. Parris using repeated personal pronoun to show that he feels persecuted in the society 34 â€Å"I do not wish to be put out like the cat whenever some majority feels the whim. † Parris uses simile to prove how he feels a complete outsider and the power of the communit y when someone does not belong. 35 â€Å"There is either obedience or the church will burn like Hell is burning! † Parris is clear in his mentality that you are either with the church or you are not 35 â€Å"†¦while there were no witches then, there are Communists and capitalists now†¦[who believe] that each side are at work undermining the other. Miller draws a direct parallel with the happenings in Salem and the communist fear in USA 39 â€Å"They must be; they are weighted with authority. † Hale uses this metaphor early on to show that he has great authority and even though an outsider is granted respect almost immediately. 40 â€Å"How can it be the Devil? Why would he choose my house to strike? We have all manner of licentious people in the village! † Parris wants to find himself a part of the community, particularly because he is the religious leader, but he does so by separating himself from the rest. 44 I never called him! Tituba, Tituba†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Abigail making the first of her allegations against Tituba and in doing so proving her strength in the peer group. People see what she is capable of. 45 â€Å"She made me do it! She made Betty do it! † High modal accusation towards Tituba. 45 â€Å"You beg me to conjure! She beg me make charm†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Tituba tries to fight against the allegations but is already an outsider and hasn’t got the chance to win. 46 â€Å"Sometimes I wake and find myself standing in the open doorway and not a stitch on my body! I always hear her laughing in my sleep.I hear her singing her Barbados songs and tempting me with†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Abigail again reinforces her position and shows how strong she is in terms of leading the peer group; sways the community against Tituba. 46 â€Å"You will confess yourself or I will take you out and whip you to your death, Tituba! † Parris gives Tituba a fairly unfair ultimatum and shows again that being an outsider is bad. He also imp lies that you need to be a strong person to stand by your own name and convictions in this community. 46 â€Å"No, no, don’t hang Tituba! I tell him I don’t desire to work for him, sir. Tituba realises she must go against the truth and convictions to stay alive. She goes along with Abigail’s stories and makes it seem as though she wants to stop. 46 HALE: You have confessed yourself to witchcraft, and that speaks a wish to come to Heaven’s side. TITUBA: Oh, God bless you, Mr Hale! HALE: †¦You are God’s instrument put in our hands to†¦cleanse our village. Hale uses the metaphor to prove that people within the community believe Abigail, but also that Tituba has the opportunity to belong for the first time. 48 â€Å"I want the light of God, I want the sweet love of Jesus!†¦ I saw Sarah Good with the Devil!I saw Goody Osburn with the Devil! I saw Bridget Bishop with the Devil! † The calling out – Abigail starts accusing and setting people as outsiders for nothing. 49 â€Å"A fireplace is at the left, and behind it a stairway leading upstairs†¦he swings a pot out of the fire and smells it. † Miller paints a domestic picture and then juxtaposes it with the frosty portrayal of marriage 51 â€Å"It’s as warm as blood beneath the clods. † An interesting description of the unseasonably warm ground Proctor provides his wife. 52 PROCTOR: If the crop is good I’ll buy George Jacob’s heifer. How would that please you?ELIZABETH: Aye, it would. PROCTOR: [with a grin] I mean to please you, Elizabeth. ELIZABETH: [it is hard to say] I know it, John. Highlights both Proctor’s need to belong in the marriage and Elizabeth’s difficulty 52 Her back is turned to him. He turns to her and watches her. A sense of their separation rises. The stage directions highlights the distance between Proctor and his wife. 52 â€Å"She frightened all my strength away†¦it is a mou se no more†¦ she says to me ‘I must go to Salem†¦I am an official of the court! ’† Elizabeth talks about how Mary Warren has changed as a result of her being a part of the group 53 Aye, it is a proper court they have now†¦there be fourteen people in jail now†¦and they’ll be tried, and the court have power to hang them too, she says. † Elizabeth recounts what Mary Warren has told her about the court and the exclusion of women from society 53 â€Å"The town’s gone wild, I think. She speak of Abigail, and I thought she were a saint, to hear her. Abigail brings the other girls into the court, and where she walks the crowd will part†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Repetition of Abigail’s name in Elizabeth’s recount of Mary’s story highlights that the focus is all around her at the moment. 53 â€Å"Oh, it is a black mischief. Proctor uses this metaphor to describe what influence Abigail has on this society, and how others are flocking to â€Å"belong† 53 â€Å"John, if it were not Abigail that you must go to hurt, would you falter now? I think not. † Elizabeth has not forgiven Proctor for his indiscretion and questions him about who and what he might belong to now. 55 â€Å"You will not judge me more, Elizabeth†¦you forget nothin’ and forgive nothin’. † Proctor attempts to use high modal language to demand Elizabeth’s respect but again, he is honest in showing that he no longer truly feels as though he belongs in his marriage. 5 â€Å"I come into a court when I come into this house! † Darkly comical metaphor used by Proctor to indicate he feels judged which limits his feelings of belonging in the marriage. 55 â€Å"Let you look sometimes for the goodness in me, and judge me not. † Again, focussing on the judgement he feels rather than belonging. 55 â€Å"I do not judge you. The magistrate sits in your heart that judges you. I never thought yo u but a good man, John. † Elizabeth tries to set Proctor right and uses the â€Å"heart† metaphor to imply he is the only one judging his actions and that he is limiting himself from belonging. 5 As though to compensate, Mary Warren goes to Elizabeth with a small rag doll. Miller makes it clear that the symbol used as Goody Proctor’s downfall is made known early on 56 â€Å"We must all love each other now, Goody Proctor. † Mary Warren says this in reaction to the strange situations they are now faced with 56 â€Å"I never knew it before, I never knew anything before. When she come into the court I say to myself, I must not accuse this woman†¦but then†¦I feel a misty coldness climbin’ up my back†¦and all at once I remembered everything she done to me! Mary Warren highlights the feelings that can overtake them during the court 57 â€Å"But the proof, the proof! † Proctor wants to be practical here. 58 â€Å"You must see it, sir , it’s God’s work we do. † Hale, and Mary Warren both proclaim this, referring to religion and what this society is based on. 58 â€Å"The Devil’s loose in Salem, Mr Proctor; we must discover where he’s hiding! † Hale, again referring to religion and the society 59 â€Å"There is a promise made in any bed – and she may dote on it now – I am sure she does – and thinks to kill me, then to take my place. Elizabeth points out to Proctor that his indiscretion led to a false sense of belonging for Abigail 60 â€Å"This is a strange time, Mister. No man may longer doubt the powers of the dark are gathered in monstrous attack upon this village. † Hale makes it clear that there is some â€Å"powers of the dark† but doesn’t say Devil – maybe understanding Abigail’s power? 62 â€Å"I note that you are rarely in the church on Sabbath Day. † A small detail noted by Hale ensures that Proctor i s seen as an outsider because of his lack of conforming to religious norms. 62 †¦and it [the bible] tells me that a minister may pray to God without he have golden candlesticks upon the altar. † Proctor complaining about Parris’ need to belong to objects/materialism 63 â€Å"I like it not that Mr Parris should lay his hand upon my baby. I see no light of God in that man. † Even for Proctor, Parris is an outsider 63 â€Å"There be no mark of blame upon my life, Mr Hale. I am a covenanted Christian woman. † Elizabeth states that she is trustworthy and honest because she is a good Christian woman – the basis of their society. 64 â€Å"Theology, sir, is a fortress; no crack in a fortress may be accounted small. Hale uses this metaphor to highlight the strength of religion; that you either belong to and with it or against it. But also implies in a way, that it is weak if compromised. 65 â€Å"And why not, if they must hang for denyin’ it? T here are them that will swear to anything before they’ll hang; have you never thought of that? † Proctor questions the very confessions the women keep making. 66 â€Å"My wife is the very brick and mortar of the church, Mr Hale. † Giles Corey uses this metaphor to highlight the insanity of his wife’s arrest 67 â€Å"Man, remember, until an hour before the Devil fell, God thought him beautiful in heaven. Hale’s powerful statement about the fall of good into evil. The way that even those that belong can then become isolated or alienated. 68 â€Å"†¦the Williams girl, Abigail Williams, sir. She sat to dinner in Reverend Parris’s house tonight, and without a word nor warnin’; she falls to the floor. Like a stuck beast, he says†¦stuck two inches in the flesh of her belly, he draw a needle out. † Cheever seemingly confused and alarmed by the discovery of the needle in the poppet. It highlights the lack of proof or manipulat ion of evidence. 70 â€Å"Why, she done it herself!I hope you’re not takin’ this for proof, Mister! † Proctor, again practical, and denying â€Å"proof† 70 â€Å"’Tis hard proof! † Cheever exclaims this. Shows the craziness of the situation; the way the beliefs of the majority can cause hysteria. 70 â€Å"I’ll tell you what’s walking Salem – vengeance is walking Salem. † 72 â€Å"I cannot charge murder on Abigail†¦she’ll kill me for sayin’ that! † 74 â€Å"I cannot†¦they’ll turn on me†¦I cannot do it, I cannot! † 74 As the curtain rises, the room is empty, but for the sunlight pouring through two high windows in the back wall. 77

Human being’s personality Essay

It is said that every human being’s personality is molded by the sum of his or her experiences. Personally, I believe that perhaps, a more accurate statement would be that human beings are molded by what they derive from each of their life’s experiences. Hardships in my Childhood I grew up in circumstances that provide a classical example of disparity between appearance and reality. To the outside world my parent’s marriage appeared to be picture perfect. However, in reality, alcohol abuse by my father and domestic violence between my parents had created an environment within our house that, for me, was both difficult and frightening. My father had a drinking problem, and the encounters between my father and mother often escalated into violence. I spent a great deal of time trying to be a peacemaker and caretaker of my parents. Despite my unfortunate situation, I was always determined to be successful. I knew in my mind that the path to success would prove to be a great challenge for a young black female, who was not mature enough or, had emotionally stable guardians to guide her path. Nonetheless I was determined to achieve the goal, I had in my mind. Early in my childhood, sports became more than just a past time; it became a way of dealing with the hardships of a dysfunctional household. As a student, Physical Education became one of my favorite courses; since it was the only time during the day when I was able to enjoy my childhood without thinking about what was going on in my home life. By the time I was eight, my parents separated. My mother and myself relocated from Connecticut to New York City. This transition was extremely difficult for me. Although my parent’s marriage was any thing but stable, my father had always meant the world to me. Over the next few years my mother was required to make a transition from being a â€Å"stay at home mom†, to being the â€Å"sole provider† of our household. Due to dire finances and the inability to afford childcare, I always had a greater than usual amount of household responsibilities over my shoulders. My social interactions at this time were limited primarily to organized school activities. I developed strong work ethics at an early age by spending my weekends bagging roceries at the neighborhood supermarket. My mother did not want me to work but I loved the feeling of earning my own money, since it gave me a great feeling of independence. Worked as a Camp Counselor When I reached the age of fifteen, I started spending my summers working as a camp Counselor, where I was responsible for the organization and development of activities such as, arts and crafts, swimming, and delivering sports related instructions. This was the point when I first became interested in becoming a physical education teacher. I loved the feeling of being in charge and having the younger kids look up to me. Worked as a Sports/Youth Counselor By the time I began college, I was more eager than most freshmen to begin a whole new life, because so much had happened in my past life, which I wanted to put behind. Outside of athletics, I never really had an active social life, so this made my transition to university life very difficult. My undergraduate life had been quite short lived. I had to leave school after only the first semester due to limited finances. Discouraged by the inability to further continue my education, I returned home to work full time as a Sports/Youth Counselor for youths with learning disabilities, emotional disorders, and mental retardation. This proved to be one of the most extraordinary experiences in my life, as it provided me with a chance to interact closely, on a day-to-day basis, with youngsters, whose courage and massive temperament for joy and happiness, impressed me immensely. Their smiles and laughter were pure, even while they battled against significant personal difficulties for which they were not themselves responsible. Ironically, as I worked with these small children I was simultaneously fighting a small battle of my own, resisting my initial resistance and fear of dealing with these children. Before I got to know these youngsters, I was worried that they would detect my discomfort, catch me staring at them, misinterpret something I might have said, or be hurt somehow by my actions or words. In the beginning all of these things appeared to be threatening possibilities. However in reality, once I immersed myself into work, my fear of any incidents happening, disappeared. I began relating to these children in the same as other normal kids. The youngsters soon sensed this and responded well to me. Working with these youngsters made me realize that despite my childhood I was still very fortunate to have health and the ability to be as physically independent. Secondly it made realize that I had been bestowed with the gift of having the ability and passion to help others. Graduation A year and a half later, I returned to Virginia State University as an independent student, more determined and passionate than ever to finally have the opportunity to finish what I had previously started. In between my busy work schedule, I completed a work-study as a student athletic trainer. Although, very time consuming, it was a very exciting job. I loved the rush and excitement of preparing for the day of final game, and the ability of being a part of the treatment protocols, utilized on a daily basis in athletic preparation. This job provided fascinating, educational, and an exciting experience that exposed me to the field of sports and medicine all in one. This was also the major, which I pursued later at the United States Sports Academy as a graduate student. Working as a Physical Education Teacher Upon graduation I decided to take a year off from school, while I focused on settling into the teaching profession. My first teaching position was at the middle school level, in New York City. This experience proved to be the most challenging one. During the tenure of this job, I come in contact with students who displayed behaviors and emotions that were the direct results of some of the same childhood and family scars that I had once faced as a child. It was extremely difficult trying to educate these students without becoming emotionally attached. At the same time it was very stressful, trying to relate to them, and getting them to understand that their current situation would not determine their future status. I quickly came to realize that summer camp and teaching were two totally different professions in their own ways. I am currently a Physical Education teacher and Department chair at high school level. Post-graduation in Sports Medicine I enrolled at the United States Sports Academy to pursue my master’s degree in Sports Medicine, during my second year of teaching. Although I had started to get adjusted to teaching, I missed the rush of being an athletic trainer. At the end of the school year, my college sweetheart and fiance was hired at our Alma mater as an offensive line coach. This position gave me the opportunity to complete my post-graduate intern hours in an environment that was very familiar to me. I was required to make one last employment transition that would have allowed me to utilize my intern skills as a trainer. Development of my Passion for Weight Training During the course of my internship, I was diagnosed with Graves’s disease. This disease directly affected my Thyroid gland and its ability to produce hormones properly. This posed as a major setback not only in my everyday life but also in completing my master’s degree. Shortly thereafter, I suffered from major depression, which caused me to gain over forty pounds of weight and lose the motivation that had once driven me towards success. After a year of feeling sorry for myself and taking prescription medications, which generally left me feeling isolated, or sleeping during the major part of the day, I came to realize that medication was not the long-term answer. I was once again faced with a life challenge that soon exposed me to another aspect of the sport sciences. More determined than ever to get my life back on track, I invested in my first gym (gymnasium) membership. Committing myself to a strenuous weekly regimen, I soon began to experience many physiological and psychological benefits of my investment. My accomplishments in the gym helped me overcome, what a year of medication could not do. It also helped to develop a passion that led me towards the pursuit of my master’s degree. More importantly, it gave me the opportunity to help change the lives of others. My continuous efforts and positive results in the gym deepened my passion for weight training and assisted me in restoring the drive and motivation that had been lost due to depression. Within the following year, I had lost 48 lbs and completed my masters . Working as a Personal Trainer Having lost 48 lbs of weight after joining the gym, I competed in my first amateur body-building competition. Winning this competition gave me a sense of empowerment, that I had the ability to achieve anything in life that I desire. Since then I have won two heavy weight class titles and am currently classified as a pro qualifier in the NPA. In the past year I have received my personal training and nutritional consultants, and group exercise certifications. Fitness and nutrition has been a major part of my healing process along my life journey. I currently work part time as personal trainer in a local fitness center and have started my own mobile fitness business, titled â€Å"Elite Physique Fitness†. I conduct this business along with two fellow personal trainers. We offer services like personal training, group exercises, massage therapy, nutrition workshops, and first aid and CPR classes. My career plans and goals Plans for achieving the Doctoral Degree I plan to attend the academy during the school years as a correspondence student and as a – resident student during the summer sessions. I am currently a Physical Education teacher and Department chair. Besides this, I also work part time as personal trainer in a local fitness center and have started my own mobile fitness business. Although I already have an extensive educational and hands on background in the field of sports and fitness, I feel the need to develop myself in the field of management in order to successfully run my business. My desired area of study is Sports Management with an emphasis on finance and entrepreneurship. My Career Plans After Receiving the Doctoral Degree I plan to teach as a Physical Education teacher for approximately one more year, and then I plan for a transition from being a High school teacher to a University professor in the field of fitness, sport management, athletic training, or sports medicine. Upon completion of my doctoral degree, I plan to expand my current personal training business and increase its reputation within the community in the long-term. My short-term goals are to refine my management skills and develop an organization of knowledgeable professional trainers to accommodate the below mentioned programs. I am really eager to develop an educational program within the school system to deal with childhood obesity. As a physical educator and fitness business owner, I would like to incorporate a â€Å"childhood obesity and wellness program† within the school system. In preparation for this, I plan to utilize information obtained from the research courses to further study and conduct research on childhood obesity and poor nutrition in relation to the issues of academic performance and self-esteem. I also would like to offer â€Å"holistic wellness programs† to corporate businesses. I am strongly interested in developing partnerships within the community to help develop programs, which would address many health related issues in our society. Specific courses that would assist me in completing these goals are personnel management and sports entrepreneurship My Plans For A Mentorship I plan to complete my mentorship training in the field of fitness management. I also intend to apply for membership at American Family Fitness, Golds Gym, and the YMCA. I feel these particular facilities will provide the hands on training needed to accommodate and complete information learned through my coursework at the United States Sports Academy. Reasons For Pursuing The Doctor of Sports Management Degree at the Academy Reasons for choosing the Academy’s program over other doctoral programs I attended the Sports Academy as a graduate student and was really impressed with the rofessionalism of the program and I loved the fact that the program was geared primarily towards sports specific majors. I feel that the Academy will not only provide me with sound and stable training, but will also enhance my skills, which would help me in my future endeavors. It will also give me a great opportunity to network amongst professionals who have already completed the journey of success on which I am still traveling. My desire to pursue a degree in sport management is driven by my already diverse and accomplished background in the field of sport sciences. My Concerns, Choices and Goals regarding the doctoral program Since I feel the need to develop myself in the field of management in order to have a successful business, my desired area of study is Sports Management with an emphasis on finance and entrepreneurship. My aspirations for the future are to help others change their lives and teach them how to begin the healing process through health, fitness and nutrition. The doctoral program would greatly contribute towards my intellectual and personal growth and help me in achieving both my previously mentioned short-term and long-term goals.

Questions on Economic Principles Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

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Discussion 9- economics-tactics for competitors Assignment

Discussion 9- economics-tactics for competitors - Assignment Example Large scale entry-deterrence is evident in the airline industry (McGuigan, Moyer, & Harris, 2008). Some entry-deterring strategies include capacity expansion, limiting prices and predatory pricing. Incumbents in the airline industry adjust their prices to neutralize the threat of entry in the airline bsiness. Adjusting prices limits contestability in the market. Incumbents can charge low prices before entry, charge low prices to push new firms out of business and shape expectations of new firms towards competition. Competition from southwest airlines and other firms results in the reduction of fares in the airline industry. The approach of limiting prices is to deter new firms from entering the market. Entry of firms such as southwest and people express forces incumbent firms to develop entry-deterring strategies in order to reduce competition. The incumbents decide whether to adjust prices or enter the business with large scale carriers. In order for new firms to successfully enter the market, they need to analyze entry conditions into the market before making their decisions. Before starting business new firms must understand the extent of entry barriers, consequences of ent ry barriers and develop counter measures to these

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You can choose any question but it should be about GLOBALIZATION AND TECHNOLOGY ,COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA - Essay Example owever, let it not be also taken for granted that globalization paved the way for the emergence of highly-defined technologies which, in the long run, catered for the sophistication of the structures and for the relatively higher degree of productivity with the functions in the different fortes of society. Hence, this account aims not only to identify the existing relationships among two variables—globalization and technology—alone but also to examine the effects of globalization and technology to more extensive areas, specifically media and communications. This idea, moreover, is conceived prior to the practically recognized fact that today’s century is the epoch which is highly driven by the struggle for the acquisition of information; and that the requisite for such acquisition is basically through getting hold of the communications and media systems around the globe. As one article had put it, globalization opened the gates for the development of â€Å"Information Highways,† which permitted the fast exchange of information and which provided passages for communication around the globe (Asilo, 2007). This account, moreover, includes the examination of the different relationships posited by the different variables concerned. Such relationship is identified so as to provide a link of interconnectivity between the variables concerned, which, as it would be presented in the proceeding discussions, would create a domino effect of impacts on each other. The topic to which this account is to begin with, moreover, is on the basic notions of globalization and technology, as its prime vehicle—as these two concepts tend to perform with one another side by side. There is a significant relationship that exists between technology and globalization—the former exhibits an important role in the development of the latter (Schaeffer, 2003). In fact, the process of globalization and the development of technology through times go hand in hand—globalization creates

HIV Affecting the South Bronx Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

HIV Affecting the South Bronx - Research Paper Example 893-894). The South Bronx population is rising at the moment (South Bronx Resurrection, 2004). Efforts have been made to improve the region since the days of arson, and the South Bronx is said to be actually recovering now. However, this region lies in the poorest congressional district of the nation (Tax Foundation, 2007) and majority of the Bronx’s housing projects are present there. 50% of the population is below the poverty line. Drug trafficking, gang activity, and prostitution are among the usual crimes carried out within the South Bronx. The rate of crime is very high and the regions where the crimes are common are, in fact, NYPD impact zones. Service Facilities It was made sure that the completion of the Yankee Stadium coincided with the beginning of the 2009 baseball season. It is not yet known, however, when the athletic fields and green spaces would be completed. The stadium has been facing opposition the reasons being pollution and traffic (New Yankee Stadium, 2009 ). Building of the new Yankee Stadium led to major controversy over plans. These plans included new athletic fields, tennis courts, bicycle and walking paths, stores and restaurants. There was also a metro-north railroad station that was expected to help in the easing of rush on the subway (Hughes, 2007). Authorities were hopeful that such advancements would allow for the generation of residential building. The late 1980s witnessed certain regions of the South Bronx being renewed. Rehabilitation was done and residential structures were constructed; these included subsidized multifamily town homes as well as apartment buildings (Wynn, 2005). Construction of prefabricated ranch style houses was completed in that region by 1985, and this brought about such a major change to the region that it was difficult for the Bronx historian to recognize the place where carter surveyed the scene (Fernandez, 2007). Few of the community school districts are located in the South Bronx (New York City Department of Education). The public schools of that region include three charter schools. A new elementary charter school, Academic Leadership Charter School was initiated in 2009. Profit as well as nonprofit organizations are set up in the South Bronx and they train people for their professional purposes. Besides this educational programs are also offered. One such example of a nonprofit organization is per scholas and it gives free training in its respective field allowing the citizens to secure jobs assisting them in constructing their careers. Per scholas works together with some middle schools of the region, their students and their families providing help and assistance in the field of computer. Citizens of the South Bronx travel in vehicles or through mass transit. According to certain development plans there will be built a South Bronx Greenway (South Bronx Greenway) for connecting south to Randalls Island and north along the Bronx River. A large majority of the citizens of the 16th congressional district, 77.3% to be exact, did not have their own vehicles, and around the whole city it was 55% (Fact Sheet, Rep. Jose E. Serrano, 2000). The citizens of the south Bronx have recreational facilities too and they enjoy

Ceramic -- China Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Ceramic -- China - Term Paper Example Ceramics range from construction materials (bricks & tiles), porcelain and vessels (Uta Grosenick & Caspar Schubbe, 2007 p.25). The earliest Chinese ceramics were produced during the Neolithic period (6000-1000BC), this was kind of utilitarian wares known has basic pottery. The cultures that were involved with this type of ceramics were Ta-ti-wan, Lun Shan and Ta-wen-Kau. They produced a number of ceramic arts such as, fanciful thin walled and burnished earthenware that were fully painted from soil ores. Majority of these ceramics were used by the respective cultures as ritual vessels during traditional ceremonies and events. They were hand built, characterized by grey, black and red colors, as such they were real evidence of craftsmanship and beauty during the ancient period. The emergence of Bronze period led to ceramic decline, and few were made resembling the ceramic shapes of metals that had appeared (Wang Guanyu, 2011 p.3). Chinese ceramics that was produced during the Han dynasty between 206 BC –AD 220, was well known as organized ceramic production. Example of these ceramics included mass produced functional vessels that were stamped with names of government offices, a sheer indication that ceramic workshops and works were controlled. Majority of the vessels produced were identical but one notable ceramic work was the lead glazing, this included a low fired glaze that was colored with copper to produce green, or use of iron to create yellow or brown colored items. The Chinese knew that lead was toxic to human beings and with this knowledge; they would only utilize ceramic works created from lead glazing for mortuary purposes rather than daily use (p7). The toxicity of lead glazing lead to some of the Southern China, and coastal regions to produce high fired stone ware that was incorporating wood or ash glaze, that produced a yellow colored type of work. The other part was the use of an expanded Han repertoire which

The risk and benifits of younger workers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The risk and benifits of younger workers - Essay Example This means that an individual who comes in as a fresh graduate at his first job will need to be informed about company protocols and how things are done within the company. It may take them a day to learn all they need to know for some positions but for others they may take more than a month of dedicated training and may even need continued guidance while they are performing their duties for the company. At the same time, this investment made by the company may not be recuperated or even lead to substantial benefits for the organization if the individual decides to leave the company within a year of joining. In this case, all that the company would have done is to train a person in order to enable them to find a better paying job. Of course retention is also a part of the HR department’s duties but training is an investment in people which entails its own risks. On the other hand, there are significant advantages towards recruiting individuals with little or no experience and the immediately visible business benefit is to the bottom line of the company since a fresh graduate has to be paid a lot less than a person near the age of retirement who can demand a salary which is equal to the one given to the company’s directors. Of course an older person with experience might be able to bring a lot more to the table but the company has to balance how much it can afford to spend on recruiting and retaining such a star performer or business guru. Additionally, pouring young blood into the company will have the advantage of giving the company new ideas and instant familiarity with new technology which may not be known to older individuals. Again, in this case training can be useful as exemplified by GE which continually recruited individuals who were intimately familiar with computer technology in order to teach the older people working in much higher positions on how to use things such as email and instant messaging (Welch, 2005). Overall, the cost

Department of Social Work Essay Example for Free

Department of Social Work Essay The objective of this paper is to show or define theories in the field of social work specifically in handling and working with emotionally disturbed youth and which theory or theories will best help guide this practice. This paper will also talk about areas I feel most confident and strongest in as well as the areas I feel least confident in. It will also show the reasons and factors that contribute to both my strengths and weaknesses. Social Work Defined â€Å"Social Work is the professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and creating societal conditions favorable to this goal ( as cited, Department of Social Work). † Because of the their objective is to help people and communities, the practice is made up of principles, applications of values. â€Å"Social Work is concerned and involved with the interactions between people and the institutions of society that affect the ability of people to accomplish life tasks, realize aspirations and values, and alleviate distress ( Baer and Frederico; Department of Social Work). † According to Baer and Frederico, the purposes of social work may be broken down into 3: enhance the problem-solving; promote effective humane operations; and link people with a system that give them services, resources and opportunities (Department of Social Work). Trauma Informed Care Trauma informed care pertains to organization or programs that services individuals who have survived a traumatic experience. These individuals or survivors are those who have been physically and/or sexually abuse and other experiences that leads to trauma. Often times, these experiences may direct an individual to mental health and some other type of disorder. Organizations that help people with this condition, alters and adjusts in order to keep an understanding on how trauma affects the individual seeking for help (SAMHSA National Mental Health Information Center). Theories in Social Work â€Å"Theories have been developed since it became clear that there were similar patterns or repeating cycles of behaviour both in an individuals life and in the lives of lots of different people (Towland, 2010). † There are a lot of theories or ideas on how to go about social work and how to do the practice for both professionals and students taking up this course. According to Towland in his essay on â€Å"Social Work Theory and Practice Making the Links† a theory is seen to help describe what is happening, explain why it is happening and predict what will happen next. Towland has also mentioned in his essay that he urges to consider the following theories: 1. ) Recognise that no single theory can explain everything; 2. ) Recognise that some theoretical approaches just dont work with some people; 3. ) Take a critical approach to theory; 4. ) Always apply the value base to theory; 5. ) Never be intimidated by theory. In relation to the second and third theories that Towland has enumerated, people are made and created differently. What might have worked with one client may not work on the other. As a social worker who works with emotionally disturbed youth, taking note on why a certain approach is not working with a particular patient is important as well as thinking and finding other ways and means to help and understand the individual. Theories in general help practitioners get a grasp and a clear picture of what is happening and why it is happening. It enables practitioners and workers validate their actions and treatment, give a more accurate bearing on how to deal and work with these individuals and are able to give a precise rationalization on the consequences of a particular treatment or action done. †The aim is that this will lead to social work becoming more widely accountable and ultimately more respected (Towland, 2010). † Working with rural mental health programs â€Å"Establishing ongoing trauma-informed services is one of the most difficult challenges facing rural mental health programs. Schools, community groups, and natural helpers try to meet needs but often go unsupported (Children’s Voice, 2007). † Working with the youth in rural places is much more of a challenge because these people mostly live in small towns and places that medical financial help are in dire or is not greatly extended to the families, helping and treating the youth who are emotionally disturb becomes a bit more difficult and gives more work to the practitioners. They work harder and in longer hours with lesser pays and days off. Working with the developmentally disabled is a challenging task for me and this may not be my strongest area and point because of my lack of patience and experience on this particular field. But although this maybe the case, being able help children and being able to understand the reasons of their trauma and finding ways to help them grow out of their trauma is gratify in to me because I know I am able to give aide to these people. Explaining to the family and being able to give them light and understanding of their child’s or children’s situation and what might be the good and bad consequences of the treatment fulfills me as a social worker. My professional philosophy is shaped by not just what was passed on to me by my parents and mentors, but is and was shaped by my experiences and what I have seen in life. My personal beliefs and concepts in life that may contribute to my profession are: being a role model to not just my family but with the people I work with as well, the value I have for myself, thus, valuing my profession and what it stand for, its aims and objectives, and most importantly is my ability to reach out and help others. By doing this, I am not just able to share myself to others but be able to contribute to society as well. References Department of Social Work. (2008). â€Å"Definition of Social Work. † Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http://www. wright. edu/cola/Dept/social_work/sw_definition. htm SAMHSA National Mental Health Information Center. (n. d). â€Å"What is Trauma-Informed Care? † Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http://mentalhealth. samhsa. gov/nctic/trauma. asp#care Ohio Department of Mental Health. (n. d. ). â€Å"Trauma Informed Care† Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http://mentalhealth. ohio. gov/what-we-do/provide/trauma-informed-care/index. shtml Towland, C. (2010). â€Å"Social Work Theory and Practice Making the Links. † Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from http://ezinearticles. com/? Social-Work-Theory-and-PracticeMaking-the-Linksid=1956566 Childrens Voice. (2007). â€Å"Nctsn Center Supports Rural Trauma-informed Care. † Volume: 16. Issue: 5. Child Welfare League of America, Inc. Retrieved on May 30, 2010 from www. questia. com

BCOM 275 Article Rebuttal Essay Example for Free

BCOM 275 Article Rebuttal Essay Smoking bans, specifically in public places, has been a topic of debate for several years now. This debate has been originated primarily from medical or health-related origins. Many have felt strongly against the ban of smoking in public places. Although, almost an equal amount of people support the smoking ban. This paper will acknowledge the pros to proceeding with the smoking ban to rebuttal the argument presented in the article titled, â€Å"The case against smoking bans† by Thomas A. Lambert and analyze the reliability, credibility, and validity of the data used to support his argument. According to Lambert (2012), â€Å"Government-imposed smoking bans are unwise†. â€Å"Risk based argument are insufficient because the slight risks associated with ETS cannot justify the substantial privacy intrusion occasioned by sweeping smoking bans† (p 34). The author’s support against the smoking ban is based on the fact that the statements regarding the need for the ban due to the increase of health care costs for the smoker and those effected by the second-hand smoke. Lambert supports his argument based on the findings of a comprehensive study in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1997. The study states, â€Å"†¦smoking probably has the effect of reducing overall healthcare costs because smokers die earlier than nonsmokers. The study’s authors concluded that in a population in which no one smoked, health care costs would be 7 percent higher among men and 4 percent higher among women than the costs in the current mixed population of smokers and nonsmokers† (Government-imposed smoking bans are unwise, 2012, p 36). Although, this data is credible based on its source, this information cannot wholly be deemed valid based on no stated facts to compare healthcare costs of the nonsmokers. â€Å"Logical fallacie s are errors in reasoning† (Cheesebro, T.,  O’Connor, L., Rios, F., 2010). There are four types of common logical fallacies, which are: faulty causation, hasty generalization, either/or thinking, slippery slope and faulty comparison. The justification based on the other data is an example of a hasty generalization and faulty comparison. A hasty generalization occurs when â€Å"†¦a few examples are selected to represent the whole of the conclusion† (Cheesebro, T., O’Connor, L., Rios, F., 2010). By committing to these generalizations, your conclusions may be incorrect because you are only acknowledging the data that will solely support your argument. The author’s argument is also a faulty comparison because he treats the unique situations the same. He strongly believes that there is no significant difference in the costs of health care in comparison to those who do not smoke. But the author fails to mention the health effects of second hand smoke and why it should be banned in public places In contrast, smoking bans in public places should be implemented because there are many studies that reveal that there is a real problem regarding exposure to second hand smoke. According to the CDC (2012), â€Å"Since 1964, 2.5 million nonsmokers have died from exposure to secondhand smoke†. That statement alone, which is evidence based, is a valid argument why smoking in public places should be banned. Non-smokers should not have to be victims caused by careless smokers who are more interested in feeding their addiction and pleasures. It is intrusion of someone’s privacy if they do not want to be exposed to secondhand smoke. Public places refers to as restaurants, parks, multiunit housing and casinos etc. For children, secondhand smoke exposure can contribute to respiratory and ear infections and higher risk of sudden infant death syndrome. For adults, it can cause lung cancer and cardiovascular diseases. With that being said, if we choose not to smoke due to the health effects and increased risk of death, why should we forced to go down with the smokers? We have a choice and it should be respected. If these health conditions can be caused by secondhand smoke alone, consider what effects smoking has on a smoker’s body. As mentioned earlier, those who do smoke die earlier. So how can the statement regarding no difference in health care costs between a smoker and non-smoker be valid? In conclusion, due to the evidence-based bad health effects of secondhand smoke, smoking in public places should be banned. There is no justification for someone who chooses to live a healthy lifestyle in order to live longer,  to have a smoker determine how long they should live or what quality of life they should have. References Cheesebro, T., O’Connor, L., Rios, F. (2010). Communicating in the workplace. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. Lambert, T. A. (2007). The case against smoking bans. Regulation, 29(4), 34-40. Retrieved on March 7, 2014 from, http://search.proquest.com/docview/210517192?accountid=458 Smoking and Tobacco. (2012). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved on March 6, 2014 from, http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/secondhand_smoke/healt h_effects/index.htm

The Body Shop Marketing Plan Marketing Essay

The Body Shop Marketing Plan Marketing Essay The purpose of this paper is through analysis the current market environment to establish the marketing plan of The Body Shop in Hull to help it hold the competitively position during the spring of 2013. The context will analysis the external environment and the internal environment of the Body shop in Hull, and based on these information to do the SWOT analysis to evaluate the current market and try to build reasonable marketing objectives which are benefits for the development of the their market share. background of the Body Shop According to the Bodys Shop website, their business is about engaging and inspiring customers around their individual needs for skin care and hair care this relies on attracting and retaining the skills, knowledge and creative talent to deliver excellent products with exceptional service to their millions of customers worldwide. The company has a presence in over 51 countries, conducts business in 21 languages, operates nearly 2000 stores (about 70% are franchised), and employs over 6000 people in company stores, regional offices and UK-based Service Centre. Products are also sold via the Body Shop at Home, an in-home sales program that operates in 48 US states and Australia and via a company website in the US. Environment analysis In order to increase marketing share in a current market, companies must carefully examine a host of issues. One of the most important issues is the marketing environment. The marketing environment includes two essential elements, one is external environment, the other one is internal environment. External Environment This part explores that the trading and ability of an organization to satisfy its customers who are influenced by the external forces which fall into two categories: the macro and micro forces of the marketing environment (Dibb, 2006). Macro Environment The macro-environment defined by Worthington and Britton (2009, p.6) as those macro-environmental influences on business which affect a wide variety of businesses and which can emanate not only from local and national sources but also from international and supranational developments comprises the PEST checklist which stands for Political, Economic, Sociocultural and Technological. Political The government will shrink the finance expending, which may further reduce consumers shopping willingness. At the same time, governments have passed specified law to forbid animal-testing (CNN, 2003). Additionally, this series of industries need to deal with the waste and rubbish, which comes with production. In this way, all over the nations, societies, and companies would keep a sustainable development and material recycle using. The Hull Council have doorstep recycling collections and  a network of recycling sites, and they make it easy for people to recycle.(www.hullcc.gov.uk,2012)Above all, the whole industry should not make any pollution to our environments. Lastly, the countrys political steady is the root line to keep a regular industry chain (Nicholls A, Opal C, 2005). Economic Not only in the UK but also in the whole EU, governments are now all suffering from financial issues more or less. Following debt-fuelled growth, households remain laden with debt. As a result, the beauty and personal care market saw increased price consciousness among consumers and thus a switch to family and bulk purchases during 2011 (Euromonitor International,2012) . In this situation, its really not a positive circumstance for private label products development. More importantly, in such a negative economic situation, the companies need to do something more, such as promotion and discounting, or develop some more products for some more potential consumers. Sociocultural In this section, the health and beauty industries need to take the aging and male potential consumers into consideration, in which way to satisfy their special needs (Euromonitor International,2012). Secondly, an industry should be responsible for their customers. The products need to be developed without any synthetic ingredients in order to lower the risk for health (Euromonitor International,2012),and also over half of women refuse to use any beauty products, which have been tested on animals first.(SkinInc,2008).Lastly and equally importantly, Consumers upgraded to one time bulk purchases in categories such as bath and shower, deodorants, hair care and oral care (Euromonitor International,2012) Technology Increasing the potation of e-commercial sale methods, such like new coming products introduction and promotion on line, dealing and negotiation over the internet, or business consultants with live video chat. And the company is highly recommended to build their own website or with some relative partners, via which to display the productions and deepen their brands as well(Euromonitor International,2012). Meanwhile, companies should focus on developing new technologies, for example, whiting, In this way, related companies would also in a positive competitive. Most importantly, an efficient product is the root of a brand as to a company. Micro Environment Micro environment have a very board influence on every organisation operating in a particular market, from market to distributers to competitors to customers, and such an impact is largely universally felt by such organisations (Dibb, 2006, p89). Market 2010 is a year of prosperity and growth for the beauty and personal care industry. The growth rate of the industry value increased from 4% to 5%, which was contributed mostly by the mass market. In particular, with 3% value growth following a 0.5% drop in the last year, the recovery of cosmetics was the most eye-catching in this industry(Beauty and Personal Care State of the Industry, 2011). Customers Target audience ¼Ã… ¡ The first target audience is females, age 18 to 34, who have low brand awareness for the body shop and little discretionary income but still want to indulge in the spa-at-home products. The second target audience is females, age 35 to 55. Currently in the US, there are 43.98 million total women ages 35 to 55.Buyer power(see appendice3). Customer behavior The price in Hull are similar low in the market, and people use less money to buy convenience products or high price products like house, so people have more free money to buy beauty products like products which are sold in the Body Shop especially the average earnings have increased. (www.hullcc.gov.uk/,2012)(see appendice8). Competitors The body shops main rival is Bath Body Works who offers a variety of beauty products. Bath Body Works runs more than 1600 stores in the UK compared to the body shops 300 nationwide stores. In 2009, the turnover of Bath Body Works exceeded 2,300 million dollars, at the same time, it spent more than 915,000 dollars in advertising(see Appendice7). Compared the website page with The Body Shop, they are similar except the color, but The Body Shop have a higher high brand loyalty(www.dmnews.com/beauty-product-retailers-tick-all-the-boxes-but-only-one-passes-the-sniff-test/article/265442/,2012)(see Appendice9). Suppliers The suppliers of this industry could also be divided into three classes. The first one is Top-level brands, Most of the suppliers are sold in bulk and the diversity of special ingredient is not too much, so the power of the suppliers is stronger than other suppliers. The second one is Mid-Level Brands. In this level, the suppliers also produce non-differentiated products and specialized . The power of those suppliers is also strong, and the switching costs are low as the same as top-level brands. The last one is Generic Brands. There are various suppliers in this group, the diversity of the products is low, therefore, the switching costs are low(IAA Cosmetics, 2002). Distributors There are two main kinds of distributors. One is according to the traditional distributors, the supermarkets played a dominant role in the distribution channel of beauty and personal care industry in the UK, it accounted for a 49.8% share of totality in 2010. (Hand Body Care Industry Profile, 2011) Another one is internet retailing, The internet retailing makes beauty and personal care advanced remarkably. Internal environment The last step in the Environment Analysis is gathering information for the internal environment. Brand Image The Shop ensures their image by guarantying its cosmetics and personal care products are not tested on ani-mals, and that they contain sustainably sourced oils and other vegetarian ingredients (The Body Shop). In addition, the campaigns in which The Body Shop participates is another step they take to make a difference both environmentally and individually. The company promotes beauty is in the customers eye instead of the beholders (Hoovers, 2004). Competitive advantages If the company can sell the products which are hard to copy and have great value which their competitors cannot have, the company own the competitive advantages which can increase their market share and build their brand identity. We compare The Body Shop with LOreal and OlayNivea(see Appendices3,4). Product/Service The Body Shop  operates in the global cosmetic and toiletries (CT) industry. From  Euromonitior, the CT industry includes the following broad group of  products; baby care, bath and  shower products, deodorants, hair care, color cosmetics, mens grooming products, oral hygiene, fragrance, skin  care, sun care and  depilatories. Skin care products are the majority occupying 27% of all products. (Schieffer Multimedia: The Body Shop Media Plan ). Company has already produced a range of over 600 beauty and health products and more than 400 related accessories including exfoliating bath gloves, mitts, body buffers and so on until March, 2010. These products can further be segmented into two categories based on  product ingredients those made from natural materials and those made  from synthetic chemicals. As green policies TBS always pursues, company reduces their packaging by use as little packaging as possible in the first place. For the vast majority of products they use simple bottles and jars, with no secondary packaging (The Body Shop Values Report, 2009) and most of their gift packaging can be reused. TBS also provides varieties of services for customers. TBS official website includes a Technical Support area designed for those experiencing difficulty with the online store. An extensive FAQ section with categories pertaining to shopping, ordering, shipping, returns and so on(see appendice1,2). Price The prices are ranged from highest 43 pounds to lowest 2 pounds. Compared with the average income level in Hull, the price of TBSs products can be considered as relatively affordable level. Compared with competitors in Hull, the price of TBS is medium level described as massige price. Place In Hull city, TBS owns two stores managed directly by headquarter. There are also some shops which are run on a franchising basis in Hull. These two shops locating separately in Princes Quay Shopping Centre and St Stephens Shopping Centre which are largest shopping centers in the Hull where can attract quantities of people especially on the weekends. In order to satisfy the customers requirements and obtain timely and detailed market information, the body shop the reduce the distribution channels, they want to do the direct market which do not contain any agents to sell their products. They use their own shops and websites to do the selling. Promotion The body shop does little advertising because they regard stores as the most effective platform to advertise themselves. Advertising Traditional media: the TBS in Hull advertises on traditional media such as magazines. New media: the body shop try to use new media to attract more customers, they make a high profit through the website campaign. TBS develops an e-CRM structure as network marketing of TBS matures and evolves. This system provides different services containing the Body Shop SPA, personalization program and so on. And TBS in Hull also sells products face to face with kind service. Staff of stores in Hull have been train well to be familiar with products and offer good service.(see appendice5) Following the development of the apple online shop they promote their own app software called Love Your Body. They also build the home shopping party plan in the UK. Personal selling TBS had built a unique member club for loyal customers where rewards them with discounts, free gifts and access to the kinds of perks and privileges only club membership brings. They also have a lot of discounts and gift packages in different seasons and festivals which can attract customers. SWAT Analysis Strengths 1.Leader of Animal Protection 2.Expand E-Commerce Activities 3.Innovative products 4..High brand loyalty Weaknesses 1.Small number of stores in UK 2.Many products are in the mature of declining stage 3.little advertising Opportunities Bans of animal-testing laws which help the body shop to attract more customers 2.Expand The Body Shop at Home Program 3.Increased awareness of organic and eco-friendly product 4.Increasing number of online buyers Threats 1.the shrink finance which influence peoples awareness to buy products 2.Competition in Cosmetic Industry 3.Risks in Material Supply Marketing Objectives 1.Reinvigorate the body shop in the minds of women who have previous experience with the brand to increase the market share. The body shop can do some campaign like give people free samples and show people the material of the product. 2.Promote awareness of the Body Shop core brand and specific mens grooming product offerings through targeted channels such that at least 35% of the target demographic  are aware of  the products and the unique values of  the Body Shop. In Hull there are marginally more males in the general population than females whilst in the East Riding there are marginally more females, this is likely to be a function of the younger population in the city. The Hull City Assessment Report notes that in Hull in under 70 age bands males outnumber females in every age group whilst females outnumber males in older age groups. This highlights the continued trend towards higher female life expectancy(Economic Development Regeneration, 2011)(see Appendices8 ). Conclusion In conclusion, in order to get a high market share and attract more customers, the body shop should do more advertising and extend their market to the men. Appendices Appendice1 FIGURE 1: The Body Shop UK: Estimated sales as share of UK cosmetics and toiletries specialists sales, 2006-10 SOURCE: Mintel Appendice2 FIGURE 2: The Body Shop: Outlet data, 2006-10 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 UK Outlet numbers 312 322 338 329 311 Of which: Company owned 261 282 299 295 297 Franchises 61 40 39 34 14 Estimated sales per outlet ( £000) 542 577 511 477 490 Estimated sales per outlet (à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬000) 797 849 639 536 581 SOURCE: LOrà ©al Company Accounts and Annual Reports/Mintel Appendice3 FIGURE 3: The Body Shop shoppers in last 12 months, by gender, age and socio-economic group, November 2011 Note: Bars show The Body Shop shoppers relative to all people who have bought skincare, cosmetics and fragrances/aftershaves in the last 12 months SOURCE: Ipsos Mori/Mintel Appendice4 FIGURE 4: The Body Shop shoppers in last 12 months, by ACORN group, November 2011 Note: Bars show The Body Shop shoppers relative to all people who have bought skincare, cosmetics and fragrances/aftershaves in the last 12 months SOURCE: Ipsos Mori/Mintel Appendice5 FIGURE 5: The Body Shop: Online consumer demographics, three month average to October 2011 SOURCE: comScore/Mintel Appendice6 Table 1 Table: United Kingdom hand body care market distribution: % share, by value 2010 Channel % Share Supermarkets/hypermarkets 49.8% Pharmacies/drugstores 19.0% Specialist Retailers 13.2% Others 18.0% Total 100% Source: Datamonitor DATAMONITOR Appendice7 Table 2:Compare with other beauty brand The body shop LOreal OlayNivea Product line Mainly skincare Broad Focus on skincare Market position Environment friendly Leader Major competitor In skin body care market Competitive advantages Natural-base brand value Very experienced global brand Low price product innovation Price range Mid-range Slightly lower than the body shop Mid-low (the body shop, Kannu Priya Rawat 30th Mar 2010) ONS MYE 2009 Hull East Riding GB Appendice8 Table 3:Resident population ONS MYE 2009 HULL East Riding GB Number % Number % Number % Resident Population (2009)1 262,400 100% 337,000 100% 60,003,100 100% Males 132,800 50.6% 166,000 49.3% 29,495,400 49.2% Females 129,600 49.4% 171,000 50.7% 30,507,700 50.8% Source: ONS Mid Year Estimates 2009 1Percentage is proportion of total population Appendice9 Figure6:the average earning increase Source:HULL ECONOMIC SITUATION UPDATE No. 31 28 April 2011 Appendice9 Table 4: compare the Body Shop with BathBody works

Guns and Teen Violence and Death Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Ess

Each year, guns end the lives of thousands of young people. Families and friends are left to cope with the loss of a life lived and to have a future overshadowed by the violence. Nearly 80% of all teenage deaths are the result of violence like homicides, suicides motor vehicle crashes and other unintentional injury( â€Å"Risk and Protective†).Teenage violence has gone up almost 300% in the last thirty years (â€Å"Teenage Violence in America†,1) and it is still rising. In 1998, among youth ages 10 to 19 in the United States, there were 2,601 homicide deaths, and homicide was the second leading cause of death for the age group (â€Å" Youth Violence Statistics†). Also in 1999, 1,763 youth under 18 were arrested for homicide in the United States ( â€Å"Youth Violence Statistics†). After reading these two statistics there is only one conclusion you could come to. Our young people today are out of control. Teenagers have our world in the palm of their hand and they are slowly destroying our wonderful communities all around the world. It is now generally believed that multiple factors combine to contribute to and shape behavior over the course of adolescent development. Studies suggest it is the confluence to certain â€Å"risk† factors that contribute to violent behavior and the existence of certain â€Å"protective† factors that create resiliency. Risk factors are generally defined as scientifically established factors or determinants for which there is strong objective evidence of causal relationship to a problem. Protective factors are those that potentially decrease the likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors. Both of these factors can influence the level of risk an indicial experience or can moderate the relationship between the risk and the outcome of behavior (â€Å"Risk and Protective Factors†). Researchers have come up with what they call The Ecological Model. In these model there are four levels of factors that they say contributes to the behavior of an individual (â€Å"Risk and Protective†). The first level is Environmental. This level plays an important role in creating conditions that can contribute to a culture of violence among a particular group of people or in given community (â€Å"Risk and Protective†). The environmental factors are those that consider larger issue such as social values and the impact of the media policy of... ...re was an interview with a man whose son was just killed. In the interview the reporter said â€Å"You know, you did everything right. Your son went to the best school. He was an athlete and a scholar. He had a scholarship for college. He was well liked by everyone and he did everything right yet he was killed.† The man then looked up and he said â€Å"I forgot to do one thing. I forgot to raise the other children† ( Prothrow, 2). After I read that I just wanted to cry. Parents are taking the blame for their children’s death when they should not be. A parent can only do so much and it is up to that child to choose how to use what their parents gave them. Every parent in America should realize that as long as they are doing their part it is not their fault. It is not a parent’s responsibility to raise the whole world. It is just their responsibility to raise their own and do a good job with that. To prevent teen violence, there are many obstacles that must be overcome. Children need to be brought up in a safe healthy environment. We need to emphasize youth and community evolvement and we need to have classes to teach out children responsibility and confidence.

Roswell :: essays research papers

For fifty years the unexplained air craft wreckage found outside Roswell, New Mexico, has been in the center of on-going speculation about alien life forms and US Government and Military cover-ups. It is my personal belief that extraterrestrial bodies are present in this Universe and have landed on earth. There is more evidence pointing to the fact that there are aliens present in the universe as proved in this essay. Retired military officials will admit to there being extraterrestrials being present on earth. An excellent example of this is what happened in Roswell, New Mexico, in 1947. When the US Government and Military first found the wreckage of an unidentified aircraft they issued a press release stating that they had come into possession of an Unidentified Flying Object. The present US Government have passed the Roswell incident off as a closed case - their investigations declared the incident to be nothing more than a crashed weather balloon from the top secret Project Mogul and the alien bodies merely to be crash test dummies. This essay will argue the point that there is other life in the Universe and that the crash landing at Roswell in 1947, was an alien space craft and not a weather balloon. Leading up to the 'Roswell Incident' UFOs were spotted all over New Mexico and the mid-western coast line. On July 1 of 1947, an Unidentified Flying Object appeared on the radar screens of surrounding airforce bases. People also saw these objects in the skies that night and the next. On July 4 - Independence Day - radar screens showed an object pulsate then explode. Some archaeologists in the area were watching the sky and saw the aerial display as did a large number of the people living in the town. The archaeologists set out the next morning to look for the wreckage they saw fall to ground after the explosion. They reached the crash site about 10am and found wreckage scattered over a site three quarters of a mile long and two to three hundred feet wide. The archaeology team alerted authorities then peered into the rubble to find the bodies of five aliens (the number of aliens is debatable), four of them already dead but one still alive with a severe wound to the thigh. The witnesses are sure they saw aliens in the space ship, not crash dummies, and the wreckage was too advanced to be human technology. A number of witnesses who saw the crash site before the US Government intervened were interviewed and all gave comprehensive descriptions of the aliens and their flying craft.

Apush 1989 Dbq Essay

Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois offered different strategies for dealing with the problems of poverty and discrimination faced by Black Americans at the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. Using the documents and your knowledge of the period 1877-1915, assess the appropriateness of each of these strategies in the historical context in which each was developed. In reference to the years between 1877 and 1915, I assessed that, based on between each of these strategies, Booker T. Washington’s approach was more appropriate during the time period between 1877 and 1915 than W.E.B. Du Boise’s strategy, for the simple fact that while his strategy would take longer to accomplish deal with the problems of poverty and discrimination in comparison to W.E.B. Du Boise’s strategy, it is far more likely that changes to a society would be accepted if they were introduced slowly into people’s minds by Booker T. Washington’s approach. In 1877 Reconstruction ended with the signing of the Compromise of 1877. In 1877, there was no presidential candidate that had received the appropriate number required to take the white house. Samuel Tilden had gotten only 184 of the 185 that he needed to beat Hayes. Therefore it was up to Congress to decide who would win the presidency. There were a total of 15 people voting. Seven of them were republicans; while the other eight were democrats. Obviously the Republican candidate, Rutherford Hayes, won the presidency. However, to avoid claims of unfair voting, President Hayes agreed to three compromises. He would pull troops out of the south; give money to the south for internal improvements, such as railroads, and to allow a well known southerner to be in his cabinet. This marked the end of reconstruction. Reconstruction was unsuccessful because according to (Doc J),† colored† people were still drinking from â€Å"colored† water fountains. This is a reason as to why the appropriateness of Booker T. Washington’s strategy for dealing with the problem discrimination faced by Black Americans, such as the discrimination applied to water fountains. Viewing â€Å"School Enrollment Graph† in (Doc A), it is apparent that W.E.B Du Boise’s strategy for reducing discrimination in schools would not have worked, if it were not for the fact that there simple were not enough people willing to teach black students. Although there were a few black teachers educating young black American’s, it was still not enough to turn the tides of discrimination until a later date. Many people in this time period are just not ready to accept the education of blacks in school. It goes against the values and traditions they were taught. An appropriate reference is that of the talented tenth. The talented tenth was a phrase used by W.E.B. Du Boise to express the possibility that only one out of ten in the black population would one day leaders of the black race. He believed that only through education that this one tenth would one day accomplish this. However, Booker T. Washington’s approach was much more silent and effective. In the Atlanta compromise, Booker T. Washington agrees with southern white leaders for black people to, not promote suffrage for their people, protest against discrimination, all while only getting just basic education, such as training to be a factory worker. The drastic increase in black Americans being enrolled in school in 1895 is due to the Atlanta compromise. This proves that Booker T. Washington’s approach, while cumbersome, was highly effective in comparison to black education opportunities beforehand. The rate does rise; showing that after 1915 there would be a much better chance of any percent of Black Americans getting into college. Referring to (Doc B), one can assess that while black illiteracy was still at large, it is decreasing at a steady rate. This is exactly the type of strategy Booker T. Washington promoted. This decrease in illiteracy over time would eventually allow more and more black students to attend college, without hitting the invisible threshold that white southerners had set primarily by white southerners to prevent black Americans from becoming equal to White Americans; even in education. Every time the illiteracy rate was lowered, it did not seem unreasonable to allow a little more leniency in their customs of discrimination. Over time Booker T. Washington’s strategy for reducing discrimination regarding education would be successful. Again, Booker T. Washington’s strategy for dealing with discrimination is proven to be more appropriate than W.E. B. Du Boise’s strategy because it is represented in (Doc C). (Doc C) shows the eventual decrease in the lynching of black peop le compared to white people. While the number of lynching of black people is significantly higher than the number of lynching for black people, both decrease over time. This shows that white people were willing to accept less lynching of black people, as black people became more integrated into the white society. This happened in several ways, such as in increase in black education. When black people because more educated, they were able to have a greater variety of jobs, even jobs that white people did. This increased the overall relationship between blacks and whites. White people would rather lynch a person they didn’t have a relationship with, than a fellow coworker, of student. A summarization of Booker T Washington’s strategy presented in The Atlanta Compromise Address or â€Å"Document D† would be to say that he wanted all black Americans to learn trades. He wanted them to pass on those skills, and use those skills so their families could have a better life. â€Å"Cast down your bucket where you are†¦while doing this you can be sure in the future, as in the past, that you and your families will be surrounded by the most patient, faithful, law-abiding, and un resentful people that the world has seen.† EEE A summarization of W.E.B Du Bois strategy can be described as ceaseless agitation stated in â€Å"The Niagara Movement†- â€Å"The Niagara Movement proposes to gain these ends†¦. If we expect to gain our rights by nerveless acquiescence in wrong, then we expect to do what no other nation ever did. What must we do then? We must complain. Yes, plain, blunt complain, ceaseless agitation, unfailing exposure of dishonesty and wrong- this is the ancient, unerring way to liberty, and we must follow it.†-Document F I disagree with his strategy for the period 1877-1915 for he only thought about a small number of the black race, the top ten percent. He was going to send them to Harvard and some how they were going to become the intelligence for the black race as a whole. This also appoints only specific figures as a mini government of the black race. Mainly in Booker T Washington’s proposal, it just seems as if he included the whole race as opposed to W.E.B’s p roposal pertaining to only a small select few. Washington used controversial methods that did not directly challenge white supremacy in order to deal with the problems of poverty and discrimination faced by black people. He was a teacher at Tuskegee Institute in the 1880s, which was an industrial school at the time. He emphasized practical skills and stressed that a vocational education would help blacks acquire economic independence which in turn would lead to the white race recognizing their political rights. However, document H indicates that his ideas received much scrutiny. People accused his emphasis on vocational training as an idea which stifled the progress of the black race because it â€Å"condemned† the education received by college educated blacks. Also, many believed that vocational education served as a barrier which kept blacks from achieving higher levels of education. Furthermore, many thought that Washington’s methods did nothing to help black racial progress and thought accommodation created a larger polarization between blacks and whites.

Ancient Views of the Concept of Marriage and the Family Essay

There are several aspects that constitute social life. These aspects include family, religion, leisure, sexuality, intellectual and creativity. The aforementioned aspects are evident in the ancient literature. However, both the Western and the Eastern had different views regarding these social aspects. The paper discusses Western and Eastern views of social life and responsibilities in ancient literature. To narrow down the research, marriage and the family were chosen. Both Western and the Eastern writers had different views regarding various issues surrounding marriage and the family. Ancient literature dates back A.D 476, and it underwent a series of transformations until the 16th century. During ancient times, many, philosophers and writers used various forms of writing to pass their messages. These forms included poetry, narration and even writing on stones. The recorded ancient from Greek, Egypt, Persia, Europe and some parts of Asia shows significant similarities and differences. To understand the matter introduced, we can consider views from the Greece and Persia, and compare them with views from Asia and Egypt. In these countries, a lot was written regarding social life and responsibilities. We shall also consider several works by different authors to support the arguments presented. Similarities Both the Western and Eastern literature talked about marriage and the family and the roles of the parties involved. A good example is Homer’s Novel, Iliad, which have several scenes of love and romance. One of its themes is military glory over family life. According to the novel, family is depicted as an important institution between two people. Homer constantly forces the characters in his writings to put the interests of their loved ones. From the novel, it is clear that a complete marriage can only be possible between a man and a woman. In addition, the novel suggests that women had a role to take care of their children while men went out for war. This was the case in Eastern parts of the world. Israel writers such as Jim West emphasized on the role of women in the family. He suggests that women were seen as custodians of their families. The two writings show similar characteristics regarding men’s responsibilities. The Iliad by Homer suggests that men had a responsi bility to protect their families from any form of attacks. A close examination of these ancient works portrays men as muscular persons who were supposed to protect the interests of the societies. Moreover, the ancient literatures by Euripides from Greece suggest that both man and a woman must complement one another. The same is shown by Emily Teeter, an Eastern ancient writer. In his novel, Ancient Egyptian and Family Life, Teeter points out that men and women are equal parties in the marriage. However, the novel suggests that ancient women from Egypt had a role to attend markets while men carried out hard jobs, which were suitable for the survival of the family (Minchin 22). Both Western and Eastern ancient literature values ethics in family matters. The following are various examples in support of this claim. Western ancient writers such as Plato and Aristotle came up with several ethical frameworks which were supposed to guide the members of the family. Marriage and the family were highly valued by these two great writers. According to Plato’s writings, family members were supposed to be guided by ethics of virtues. The writer came up with four virtues which are prudence, duty of care, love, justice and integrity. Moreover Eastern writers from Egypt and Israel valued ethics. A good example is The Pyramid Texts of Egypt, which talks about the journey of the soul to the eternity. The Pyramid is considered as literature because it has some moral lessons. They taught couples to practice ethics whenever they deal with each other. The literature suggests that a marriage is a journey that ought to have follow ethics (Pearson 234). Differences There are several differences between the Eastern and Western views of the marriage and the family as depicted in the ancient literature. The first one is the structure of the family. Eastern literature suggests that families in the East by 14th century were dominated by the husband. Women are depicted as subjects to men. According to a journal article, Ancient Israelite Marriage Customs by Jim West, men in ancient Israel were given more powers, which were dictated by the society. This is quite different Western view of the same issue. According to Homer’s novel, The Oddesy, women in the Western world during the ancient times were almost equal to men. Homer uses a number of women to show their roles in the society. A good example is where he uses examples of Circe and Calypso who never entertained exploitation from their male counterparts. However, Homer presents a way in which women’s status was lowered. In the novel, there are examples of women who only existed to sat isfy men’s sexual desires. According to this ancient work, this ruined the institution of marriage. From this we get a very crucial difference between the Western and Eastern view of the family. While Homer suggests that prostitution could happen freely in the Western world, this was highly discouraged in Eastern Literature. In fact, any woman who was found guilty of the offence was stoned to death. Most of the ancient Eastern writings make a lot of references to the Bible. A good example is presented in the journal article mentioned above. According to Eastern culture, it was wrong for a woman to make love with another man, apart from her husband. Surprisingly, men were allowed to do so. This shows that women presented in Eastern literature had little control of their life. Everything they did was already stipulated by the society (McDemont 67). Another key difference in the two views is the attitudes towards abortion. This was a critical issue in marriage and the family. The Eastern view suggests that couples married to procreate and fill the earth. As already mentioned an above, this was another reference of the Holy Bible. Israelites were among the communities that valued life and children. Ancient Greeks and Romans accepted abortion. They were not much concerned to protect unborn children. Early philosophers argued that it took 40 -80 days for a fetus to be formed. According to Aristotle, an Ancient philosopher, couples could practice abortion before sense of life had begun. He however believed that female embryos developed slowly than male ones. With regards to the subject of abortion, things were stickier in Eastern parts. Eastern culture did not allow abortion to take course in the society. The Eastern view regarding abortion was that anyone who caused miscarriage, he or she had to pay a fine to the husband of the wom an. The literature suggests that fetus was a property and it needed to be safeguarded by all means. This suggests that everyone in the Eastern society had a responsibility to support human life (Pepe 45). From the above analysis, it can be noted that both the Eastern and Western views on family had similarities and differences. Ancient Eastern writers seem to have been influenced greatly by the Bible in their writing. On the other hand, Western writers were critical on a given subject matter, and they often differed in opinions. References McDermott, M. H. Novel and Romance: The Odyssey to Tom Jones. Diss. The New University of Ulster, 1975. Minchin, Elizabeth. â€Å"Homer and the resources of memory: some applications of cognitive theory to the Iliad and the Odyssey.† (2001). Pepe, L. â€Å"Abortion in ancient Greece.† XIX Symposion of Greek and Hellenistic Law. 2013. Pearson, Lionel. Popular ethics in ancient Greece. Stanford University Press, 1962. Source document